Morphological restructuring of the connective tissue elements of the wall of the great saphenous vein of a person on the lower leg during the development of varicose transformation

Introduction: the relevance of further study of the morphogenesis of changes occurring in the superficial veins of the lower extremities is due to the high prevalence of varicose veins and the lack of answers to many questions of interest to phlebologists.

The aim of the study was to study the morphological restructuring of connective tissue elements of the human great saphenous vein wall on the calf in norm, ectasia and development of varicose transformation.

Material and methods. The study of morphological restructuring of the great saphenous vein wall on the calf was carried out in 3 comparison groups (norm, ectasia, varicose veins) by light microscopy. In 1th group, the structure of the GSV wall was studied on autopsy material of people who died from various causes at the age of 5 to 80 years. In the 2nd and 3rd groups, fragments of GSV in the calf were taken by biopsy (miniphlebectomy) during the execution of the operations for varicose veins. In order to conduct a quantitative analysis of the nature of structural changes in the connective tissue elements of the GSV wall on the calf, a visual analog scale of morphological changes was developed-Visual Analog Morphology Scale (VAMS), in which a certain number of points (from 1 to 10) corresponded to a certain character of morphological changes. Statistical analysis of the obtained data in groups was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software package (USA).

Results. The general morphological analysis of histological preparations made it possible to visually identify various variants of changes in connective tissue elements inherent in the inner, middle and outer shells of the GSV wall.

Conclusions. Age-related morphological changes in the connective tissue elements in the GSV wall on the calf, over the course of a person’s life, do not have the same character as changes occurring in its wall during the development of its ectasia and varicose transformation.

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