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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">asurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Амбулаторная хирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ambulatornaya khirurgiya = Ambulatory Surgery (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-8741</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-2591</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ГРУППА РЕМЕДИУМ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/akh2025-053</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">asurgery-588</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОКТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROCTOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Геморрой у беременных: современное состояние проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hemorrhoids during pregnancy: Status update on the problem</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9548-7864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравченко</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchenko</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кравченко Мария Борисовна, хирург-колопроктолог, </p><p>629800, Тюменская обл., Ноябрьск, ул. Новоселов, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria B. Kravchenko, Coloproctologist, </p><p>Novoselov St., Noyabrsk, Tyumen Region, 629800</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mari_kravchenko_2019@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6546-4568</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комарова Лидия Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры хирургии и урологии с курсом эндоскопии,</p><p>625023, Тюмень, ул. Одесская, д. 54</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lidia N. Komarova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Surgery with a course in Urology and Endoscopy, </p><p>54, Odesskaya St., Tyumen, 625023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lnkomarova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6875-039X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкина</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkina</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шишкина Галина Андреевна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной хирургии имени В.А. Оппеля,</p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский проспект, д. 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina A. Shishkina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of Department of Hospital Surgery named after V.A. Oppel, </p><p>47, Piskarevsky Ave., St Petersburg, 195067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Galina.Shishkina@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3919-5470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петряшев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petryashev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петряшев Алексей Викторович, к.м.н., ассистент кафедры госпитальной хирургии имени В.А. Оппеля,</p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский проспект, д. 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Petryashev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of Department of Hospital Surgery named after V.A. Oppel,</p><p>47, Piskarevsky Ave., St Petersburg, 195067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Petryashev88@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр «Академия здоровья»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC Medical Center Academy of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>142</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кравченко М.Б., Комарова Л.Н., Шишкина Г.А., Петряшев А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кравченко М.Б., Комарова Л.Н., Шишкина Г.А., Петряшев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kravchenko M.B., Komarova L.N., Shishkina G.A., Petryashev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.a-surgeon.ru/jour/article/view/588">https://www.a-surgeon.ru/jour/article/view/588</self-uri><abstract><p>Геморрой является наиболее частой причиной обращения пациентов к проктологу с долей 34–41% от общего числа заболеваний толстой кишки. Отдельную категорию больных представляют пациентки с геморроем во время беременности. В настоящее время нет конкретных рекомендаций и протоколов по лечению геморроя у беременных. В связи с появлением новых лекарственных препаратов и внедрением новых методов лечения геморроя для оценки современного состояния проблемы проведен анализ публикаций по теме «Геморрой во время беременности» за последние 10 лет, находящихся в открытом доступе на платформе PubMed. Поиск публикаций осуществлялся по ключевым словам «геморрой у беременных». За период с 2014 по 2024 г. на ресурсе PubMed проблеме геморроя у беременных было посвящено 18 работ. Проведя анализ литературных данных за указанный период, можно отметить, что нет четких рекомендаций по лечению геморроя у беременных. В большинстве публикаций отмечается превалирование консервативных методов лечения над оперативными. При этом исследователи по-разному оценивают эффективность применяемых методов консервативного лечения. Большинство авторов отмечают нормализацию стула с устранением запоров как важный патогенетический момент. Хирургическое лечение используется значительно реже. В то же время отмечается положительный эффект от него. Резюмируя данные, можно отметить, что клинически значимое течение геморроя у беременных широко распространено. При этом отсутствуют четкие алгоритмы и протоколы лечения. Представленные литературные данные зачастую противоречивы, ввиду малой выборки не могут быть в полной мере экстраполированы на популяцию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hemorrhoids are the most common reason for patients to visit a proctologist, accounting for 34–41% of all colon diseases. Patients with hemorrhoids during pregnancy form a specific group of patients. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for the treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women. Due to the introduction of new drugs and methods of treating hemorrhoids, in order to observe the current state of the problem, an analysis of publications on the topic of “hemorrhoids during pregnancy” over the past 10 years, which are in the public domain on the PubMed platform, was conducted. The search for publications was carried out using the keywords “hemorrhoids in pregnant women”. 18 works were devoted to the problem of hemorrhoids in pregnant women on the PubMed resource from 2014 to 2024. Having analyzed the literature data for the period, absence of clear guidlines for the treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women can be noted. Most publications note the prevalence of conservative treatment methods. At the same time, researchers evaluate the effectiveness of the conservative treatment methods used differently. Most authors note the normalization of stool with the elimination of constipation as an important pathogenetic moment. Surgical treatment is used less often. At the same time, a positive effect from it is noted. In conclusion summing up the data, we can admit that clinically significant hemorrhoids in pregnant women are widespread. However, there are no clear algorithms and guidelines for treatment. The literature data presented are often contradictory, due to the small sample, cannot be fully extrapolated to the population.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геморрой</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>оперативное лечение</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemorrhoids</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>operative treatment</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шелыгин ЮА, Фролов СА, Кашников ВН, Веселов АВ, Москалев АИ, Титов АЮ и др. 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