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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">asurgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Амбулаторная хирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ambulatornaya khirurgiya = Ambulatory Surgery (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2712-8741</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-2591</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ГРУППА РЕМЕДИУМ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/akh2025-061</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">asurgery-587</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГНОЙНЫЕ И ТРОФИЧЕСКИЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PURULENT AND TROPHIC LESIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лечение трофических язв нижних конечностей диабетической этиологии в зависимости от стадии патогенеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Treatment of trophic ulcers of the lower extremities of diabetic etiology depending on the stage of pathogenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8834-9538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкасов</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkasov</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черкасов Михаил Федорович, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой хирургии №4,</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail F. Cherkasov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Surgery No. 4, </p><p>9, Nakhichevan Lane, Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherkasovmf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4557-7324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наматян</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Namatyan</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наматян Артур Барисович, аспирант кафедры хирургии №4, 344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29;</p><p>врач-хирург, 344025, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Сарьяна, д. 85/38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur B. Namatyan, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Surgery No. 4, 9, Nakhichevan Lane, Rostov-on-Don, 344022;</p><p>Surgeon, 85/38, Saryan St., Rostov-on-Don, 344025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artur.namatyan.97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5769-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старцев</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Startsev</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старцев Юрий Михайлович, к.м.н., доцент кафедры хирургии №4, </p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury M. Startsev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Surgery No. 4, </p><p>9, Nakhichevan Lane, Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">starcevvv111@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6285-9556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Помазков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pomazkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Помазков Андрей Александрович, к.м.н., доцент кафедры хирургии №4,</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Pomazkov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Surgery No. 4, </p><p>9, Nakhichevan Lane, Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kafedra.74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-6640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреев Евгений Владимирович, к.м.н., заведующий отделением гнойной хирургии,</p><p>344029, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 1-й Конной Армии, д. 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Andreev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Purulent Surgery, </p><p>33, 1st Konnoy Armii St., Rostov-on-Don, 344029</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.v.andreev.1980@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-2436</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галашокян</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galashokyan</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галашокян Карапет Мелконович, к.м.н., ассистент кафедры хирургии №4,</p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karapet M. Galashokyan, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Surgery No. 4, </p><p>9, Nakhichevan Lane, Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galashokian_km@rostgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2581-9390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хиндикайнен</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khindikaynen</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хиндикайнен Анатолий Юрьевич, ассистент кафедры хирургии №4, </p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly Yu. Khindikaynen, Assistant of the Department of Surgery No. 4, </p><p>9, Nakhichevan Lane, Rostov-onDon, 344022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bakalavr87@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2981-7255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Керимов</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kerimov</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Керимов Ибрагим Эльдарович, аспирант кафедры хирургических болезней №2, </p><p>344022, Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ibragim E. Kerimov, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Surgical Diseases No. 2, </p><p>9, Nakhichevan Lane, Rostov-on-Don, 344022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kerimovibra@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет;&#13;
Городская больница №6</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University;&#13;
City Hospital No. 6</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Областная клиническая больница №2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черкасов М.Ф., Наматян А.Б., Старцев Ю.М., Помазков А.А., Андреев Е.В., Галашокян К.М., Хиндикайнен А.Ю., Керимов И.Э., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черкасов М.Ф., Наматян А.Б., Старцев Ю.М., Помазков А.А., Андреев Е.В., Галашокян К.М., Хиндикайнен А.Ю., Керимов И.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cherkasov M.F., Namatyan A.B., Startsev Y.M., Pomazkov A.A., Andreev E.V., Galashokyan K.M., Khindikaynen A.Y., Kerimov I.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.a-surgeon.ru/jour/article/view/587">https://www.a-surgeon.ru/jour/article/view/587</self-uri><abstract><p>Трофические язвы нижних конечностей (ТЯНК) являются актуальной проблемой в медицинской практике в связи с большой распространенностью. Каждый год 0,6–0,8% пациентов, страдающих сахарным диабетом (СД), подвергаются ампутации нижних конечностей на различных уровнях. Несмотря на появление высокотехнологических методов обследования, улучшение хирургических и терапевтических методов лечения, у части пациентов не удается достичь ожидаемого заживления ТЯНК, или эффект оказывается нестойким. Авторы провели анализ литературы и представили основные и дополнительные способы лечения ТЯНК, применяемые на сегодняшний день. Проанализированы публикации, индексируемые в базах данных eLIBRARY, Web of Science, Web of Knowledge, Medline, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO за период с 2004 по 2024 г. К основным способам лечения в фазе экссудации (воспаления) относят первичную обработку раны, повязки, протеолитическую терапию ферментами и терапию отрицательным давлением; в фазе пролиферации (репарации) – терапию отрицательным давлением и препараты с факторами роста; в фазе ремоделирования (эпителизации) – кислородную терапию, препараты на основе коллагена, репаранты на основе гиалуроновой кислоты. Общие методы лечения включают адекватную антибактериальную терапию, контроль гликемии и разгрузку пораженной зоны. Хронические раны поражают миллионы людей, создавая серьезные проблемы для систем здравоохранения и являясь тяжелым экономическим бременем для всего мира. Основной задачей лечения диабетической стопы является комплексная терапия, направленная на все звенья патологического процесса. Эффективность заживления ТЯНК во многом зависит от адекватности местного лечения с учетом стадии процесса и на основании объективных критериев своевременной коррекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Trophic ulcers of the lower extremities (TENS) are an urgent problem in medical practice due to their high prevalence. Every year 0.6–0.8% of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) undergo lower limb amputation at various levels. Despite the emergence of high-tech methods of examination, improvement of surgical and therapeutic methods of treatment, in some patients it is not possible to achieve the expected healing of TENS or the effect is unstable. The aim of the study is to analyze theliterature and present the main and complementary treatment modalities for TENS used today. Literature indexed in eLIBRARY, Web of Science, Web of Knowledge, Medline, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO databases from 2004 to 2024 was analyzed. The main methods used in the exudation (inflammation) phase include primary wound care, dressings, proteolytic enzyme therapy and negative pressure therapy; in the proliferation (repair) phase: negative pressure therapy and growth factor preparations; in the remodeling (epithelialization) phase: oxygen therapy, collagen-based preparations, reparants and hyaluronic acid-based regerants. General treatment methods include adequate antibiotic therapy, glycemic control and unloading of the affected area. Chronic wounds affect millions of people around the world, posing serious problems for health systems and placing a heavy economic burden on the world. The main task of treatment of diabetic foot is complex therapy, including on all links of the pathological process. The effectiveness of healing of TENS depends largely on the adequacy oflocal treatment, taking into account the stage of the process and based on objective criteria of timely correction.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трофические язвы нижних конечностей</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>хронические раны</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>комплексная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trophic ulcers of the lower extremities</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>chronic wounds</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>complex therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чистоступов КС. Комплексное лечение больных с трофическими язвами при облитерирующих заболеваниях артерий нижних конечностей и сахарном диабете. Медицинский вестник Башкортостана. 2011;6(5):91–94. 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